Packet #2221994 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from Mussel iGate 🌐 NL_Noord (MUSi) to !ffffffff

6
Total Receptions
6
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2221994
Mesh Packet ID: 0xa2b8275d
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-08-13 06:50:44 UTC
From Node: Mussel iGate 🌐 NL_Noord (MUSi)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65
Gateway: Mussel iGate 🌐 NL_Noord (MUSi)
Channel: LongFast
RSSI: Unknown
SNR: Unknown
Hop Info: 0/7 hops
Start: 7, Limit: 7
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:7 bytes
Gateway:!a2ebb00c
Channel:LongFast
Payload Type:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 7
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !a2ebb00c
Node ID format
channel_id LongFast
Default public channel
packet MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 2733355020
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 65
STORE_FORWARD_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 7 bytes size
hop_limit 7
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 7
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi Not set int32
rx_snr Not set float
rx_time 1755060643
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority 10
Packet priority level 		enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node Not set uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1755060644.6469102
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Default channel - no encryption
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !a2ebb00c
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!a2ebb00c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2733355020, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2729977693, "rx_time": 1755060643, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 7, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 0, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
Size:7 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Channel Timestamp Actions
Mussel iGate 🌐 NL_Noord (MUSi) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		Unknown Unknown 0 LongFast 2025-08-13 06:50:44 Current
WST Drachten 2 (WST2) +0.905s
After 		-123.0 dBm -14.50 dB 0 LongFast 2025-08-13 06:50:45 View
DropOntoDire [Mobile - T-Echo] (0DOD) +1.038s
After 		-127.0 dBm -16.75 dB 0 LongFast 2025-08-13 06:50:45 View
NL.ASS1.Meshtastic.ea74 (ASS1) +2.234s
After 		-94.0 dBm 10.00 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-13 06:50:46 View
WST Drachten 1 (WST1) +2.368s
After 		-118.0 dBm -11.50 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-13 06:50:47 View
PE1RWP (1RWP) +3.788s
After 		-105.0 dBm 0.75 dB 2 LongFast 2025-08-13 06:50:48 View
6

Total Receptions

6

Unique Gateways