Packet #3049123 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from HGL0 - PD0ZZ - Hengelo Ov (HGL0) to !ffffffff

18
Total Receptions
9
Unique Gateways
3
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 3049123
Mesh Packet ID: 0x9486b9e6
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-08-19 04:57:09 UTC
From Node: HGL0 - PD0ZZ - Hengelo Ov (HGL0)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65
Gateway: KING BASE (K03H)
Channel: LongFast
RSSI: -128 dBm
SNR: -17.0 dBm
Hop Info: 3/7 hops
Start: 7, Limit: 4
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:7 bytes
Gateway:!433d1710
Channel:LongFast
Payload Type:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:3 / 7
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !433d1710
Node ID format
channel_id LongFast
Default public channel
packet MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 2733363716
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 65
STORE_FORWARD_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 7 bytes size
hop_limit 4
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 7
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 3
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -128.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -17.00 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1755572228
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node Not set uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1755572229.5016046
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Default channel - no encryption
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !433d1710
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -128.0 dBm
SNR: -17.00 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!433d1710", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2733363716, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2491857382, "rx_time": 1755572228, "rx_snr": -17.0, "rx_rssi": -128, "hop_limit": 4, "hop_start": 7, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 0, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
Size:7 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Channel Timestamp Actions
KING BASE (K03H) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-128.0 dBm -17.00 dB 3 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:57:09 Current
HGL0 - PD0ZZ - Hengelo Ov (HGL0) -36.142s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:33 View
HGL0 - PD0ZZ - Hengelo Ov (HGL0) -36.007s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:33 View
HGL0 - PD0ZZ - Hengelo Ov (HGL0) -35.993s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:33 View
HGL0 - PD0ZZ - Hengelo Ov (HGL0) -35.977s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:33 View
ENS_EAUROUGE_NL 🏠 🌐 (ENSB) -35.090s
Before 		-129.0 dBm -8.00 dB 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:34 View
ENS_EAUROUGE_NL 🏠 🌐 (ENSB) -35.074s
Before 		-129.0 dBm -8.00 dB 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:34 View
ENS_EAUROUGE_NL 🏠 🌐 (ENSB) -35.060s
Before 		-129.0 dBm -8.00 dB 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:34 View
ENS_EAUROUGE_NL 🏠 🌐 (ENSB) -35.040s
Before 		-129.0 dBm -8.00 dB 0 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:34 View
Meshtastic 7304 (7304) -33.314s
Before 		-49.0 dBm 7.25 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:36 View
Tuindorp Enschede Gateway 🌐🔌 (TDRG) -33.179s
Before 		-114.0 dBm -5.00 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:36 View
Tuindorp Enschede Gateway 🌐🔌 (TDRG) -33.169s
Before 		-114.0 dBm -5.00 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:36 View
Tuindorp Enschede Gateway 🌐🔌 (TDRG) -33.152s
Before 		-114.0 dBm -5.00 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:36 View
Tuindorp Enschede Gateway 🌐🔌 (TDRG) -33.132s
Before 		-114.0 dBm -5.00 dB 1 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:36 View
Dares R01 #1 (WV_1) -25.850s
Before 		-55.0 dBm 5.75 dB 3 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:43 View
Didam De Ziep Omni (Try MC) (DDZO) -25.706s
Before 		-119.0 dBm -16.50 dB 3 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:56:43 View
Jan_868_02 (Jn_2) -0.252s
Before 		-97.0 dBm -7.75 dB 3 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:57:09 View
GoldKDeck (GDec) +4.081s
After 		-126.0 dBm -16.75 dB 4 LongFast 2025-08-19 04:57:13 View
18

Total Receptions

9

Unique Gateways